HALCON Reference Manual 10.0.2
Table of Contents / Morphology / Region ClassesClassesClasses | | | Operators

closingclosingclosingClosingClosing (Operator)

Name

closingclosingclosingClosingClosing — Close a region.

Signature

closing(Region, StructElement : RegionClosing : : )

Herror closing(const Hobject Region, const Hobject StructElement, Hobject* RegionClosing)

Herror T_closing(const Hobject Region, const Hobject StructElement, Hobject* RegionClosing)

Herror closing(Hobject Region, Hobject StructElement, Hobject* RegionClosing)

HRegion HRegion::Closing(const HRegion& StructElement) const

HRegionArray HRegionArray::Closing(const HRegion& StructElement) const

void HOperatorSetX.Closing(
[in] IHUntypedObjectX* Region, [in] IHUntypedObjectX* StructElement, [out] IHUntypedObjectX** RegionClosing)

IHRegionX* HRegionX.Closing([in] IHRegionX* StructElement)

static void HOperatorSet.Closing(HObject region, HObject structElement, out HObject regionClosing)

HRegion HRegion.Closing(HRegion structElement)

Description

A closingclosingclosingClosingClosing operation is defined as a dilation followed by a Minkowsi subtraction. By applying closingclosingclosingClosingClosing to a region, larger structures remain mostly intact, while small gaps between adjacent regions and holes smaller than StructElementStructElementStructElementStructElementstructElement are closed, and the regions' boundaries are smoothed. All closingclosingclosingClosingClosing variants share the property that separate regions are not merged, but remain separate objects. The position of StructElementStructElementStructElementStructElementstructElement is meaningless, since a closing operation is invariant with respect to the choice of the reference point.

Structuring elements (StructElementStructElementStructElementStructElementstructElement) can be generated with operators such as gen_circlegen_circlegen_circleGenCircleGenCircle, gen_rectangle1gen_rectangle1gen_rectangle1GenRectangle1GenRectangle1, gen_rectangle2gen_rectangle2gen_rectangle2GenRectangle2GenRectangle2, gen_ellipsegen_ellipsegen_ellipseGenEllipseGenEllipse, draw_regiondraw_regiondraw_regionDrawRegionDrawRegion, gen_region_polygongen_region_polygongen_region_polygonGenRegionPolygonGenRegionPolygon, gen_region_pointsgen_region_pointsgen_region_pointsGenRegionPointsGenRegionPoints, etc.

Attention

closingclosingclosingClosingClosing is applied to each input region separately. If gaps between different regions are to be closed, union1union1union1Union1Union1 or union2union2union2Union2Union2 has to be called first.

Parallelization

Parameters

RegionRegionRegionRegionregion (input_object)  region(-array) → objectHRegionHRegionHRegionXHobject

Regions to be closed.

StructElementStructElementStructElementStructElementstructElement (input_object)  region → objectHRegionHRegionHRegionXHobject

Structuring element (position-invariant).

RegionClosingRegionClosingRegionClosingRegionClosingregionClosing (output_object)  region(-array) → objectHRegionHRegionHRegionXHobject *

Closed regions.

Example (C++)

#include "HIOStream.h"
#if !defined(USE_IOSTREAM_H)
using namespace std;
#endif
#include "HalconCpp.h"

main()
{
  cout << "Reproduction of 'closing ()' using " << endl;
  cout << "'dilation()' and 'minkowski_sub1()'" << endl;

  HByteImage img("monkey");
  HWindow    w;

  HRegion      circ = HRegion::GenCircle (10, 10, 1.5);
  HRegionArray regs = (img >= 128).Connection();

  HRegionArray dilreg = regs.Dilation1 (circ, 1);
  HRegionArray minsub = dilreg.MinkowskiSub1 (circ, 1);

                        img.Display (w);      w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("red");   regs.Display (w);     w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("green"); dilreg.Display (w);   w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("blue");  minsub.Display (w);   w.Click ();

  return(0);
}

Example (C)

my_closing(Hobject In, Hobject StructElement, Hobject *Out)
{
  Hobject  tmp;
  dilation1(In,StructElement,&tmp,1);
  minkowski_sub1(tmp,StructElement,Out,1);
  clear_obj(tmp);
}

Example (C++)

#include "HIOStream.h"
#if !defined(USE_IOSTREAM_H)
using namespace std;
#endif
#include "HalconCpp.h"

main()
{
  cout << "Reproduction of 'closing ()' using " << endl;
  cout << "'dilation()' and 'minkowski_sub1()'" << endl;

  HByteImage img("monkey");
  HWindow    w;

  HRegion      circ = HRegion::GenCircle (10, 10, 1.5);
  HRegionArray regs = (img >= 128).Connection();

  HRegionArray dilreg = regs.Dilation1 (circ, 1);
  HRegionArray minsub = dilreg.MinkowskiSub1 (circ, 1);

                        img.Display (w);      w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("red");   regs.Display (w);     w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("green"); dilreg.Display (w);   w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("blue");  minsub.Display (w);   w.Click ();

  return(0);
}

Example (C++)

#include "HIOStream.h"
#if !defined(USE_IOSTREAM_H)
using namespace std;
#endif
#include "HalconCpp.h"

main()
{
  cout << "Reproduction of 'closing ()' using " << endl;
  cout << "'dilation()' and 'minkowski_sub1()'" << endl;

  HByteImage img("monkey");
  HWindow    w;

  HRegion      circ = HRegion::GenCircle (10, 10, 1.5);
  HRegionArray regs = (img >= 128).Connection();

  HRegionArray dilreg = regs.Dilation1 (circ, 1);
  HRegionArray minsub = dilreg.MinkowskiSub1 (circ, 1);

                        img.Display (w);      w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("red");   regs.Display (w);     w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("green"); dilreg.Display (w);   w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("blue");  minsub.Display (w);   w.Click ();

  return(0);
}

Example (C++)

#include "HIOStream.h"
#if !defined(USE_IOSTREAM_H)
using namespace std;
#endif
#include "HalconCpp.h"

main()
{
  cout << "Reproduction of 'closing ()' using " << endl;
  cout << "'dilation()' and 'minkowski_sub1()'" << endl;

  HByteImage img("monkey");
  HWindow    w;

  HRegion      circ = HRegion::GenCircle (10, 10, 1.5);
  HRegionArray regs = (img >= 128).Connection();

  HRegionArray dilreg = regs.Dilation1 (circ, 1);
  HRegionArray minsub = dilreg.MinkowskiSub1 (circ, 1);

                        img.Display (w);      w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("red");   regs.Display (w);     w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("green"); dilreg.Display (w);   w.Click ();
  w.SetColor ("blue");  minsub.Display (w);   w.Click ();

  return(0);
}

Complexity

Let F1 be the area of the input region, and F2 be the area of the structuring element. Then the runtime complexity for one region is: 

    O(2 * sqrt(F1) * sqrt(F2)) .

Result

closingclosingclosingClosingClosing returns 2 (H_MSG_TRUE) if all parameters are correct. The behavior in case of empty or no input region can be set via:

Otherwise, an exception is raised.

Possible Predecessors

thresholdthresholdthresholdThresholdThreshold, regiongrowingregiongrowingregiongrowingRegiongrowingRegiongrowing, connectionconnectionconnectionConnectionConnection, union1union1union1Union1Union1, watershedswatershedswatershedsWatershedsWatersheds, class_ndim_normclass_ndim_normclass_ndim_normClassNdimNormClassNdimNorm, gen_circlegen_circlegen_circleGenCircleGenCircle, gen_ellipsegen_ellipsegen_ellipseGenEllipseGenEllipse, gen_rectangle1gen_rectangle1gen_rectangle1GenRectangle1GenRectangle1, gen_rectangle2gen_rectangle2gen_rectangle2GenRectangle2GenRectangle2, draw_regiondraw_regiondraw_regionDrawRegionDrawRegion, gen_region_pointsgen_region_pointsgen_region_pointsGenRegionPointsGenRegionPoints, gen_struct_elementsgen_struct_elementsgen_struct_elementsGenStructElementsGenStructElements, gen_region_polygon_filledgen_region_polygon_filledgen_region_polygon_filledGenRegionPolygonFilledGenRegionPolygonFilled

Possible Successors

reduce_domainreduce_domainreduce_domainReduceDomainReduceDomain, select_shapeselect_shapeselect_shapeSelectShapeSelectShape, area_centerarea_centerarea_centerAreaCenterAreaCenter, connectionconnectionconnectionConnectionConnection

Alternatives

closing_circleclosing_circleclosing_circleClosingCircleClosingCircle, closing_golayclosing_golayclosing_golayClosingGolayClosingGolay

See also

dilation1dilation1dilation1Dilation1Dilation1, erosion1erosion1erosion1Erosion1Erosion1, openingopeningopeningOpeningOpening, minkowski_sub1minkowski_sub1minkowski_sub1MinkowskiSub1MinkowskiSub1

Module

Foundation

Table of Contents / Morphology / Region ClassesClassesClasses | | | Operators
HALCON Reference Manual 10.0.2 Copyright © 1996-2011 MVTec Software GmbH