| Table of Contents / Classification / Support Vector Machines | Operators |
train_class_svm — Train a support vector machine.
train_class_svm trains the support vector machine (SVM) given in SVMHandle. Before the SVM can be trained, the training samples to be used for the training must be added to the SVM using add_sample_class_svm or read_samples_class_svm.
Technically, training an SVM means solving a convex quadratic optimization problem. This implies that it can be assured that training terminates after finite steps at the global optimum. In order to recognize termination, the gradient of the function that is optimized intenally must fall below a threshold, which is set in Epsilon. By default, a value of 0.001 should be used for Epsilon since this yields the best results in practice. A too big value leads to a too early termination and might result in suboptimal solutions. With a too small value the optimization requires a longer time, often without changing the recognition rate significantly. Nevertheless, if longer training times are possible, a smaller value than 0.001 might be chosen. There are two common reasons for changing Epsilon: First, if you specified a very small value for Nu when calling (create_class_svm), e.g., Nu = 0.001, a smaller Epsilon might significantly improve the recognition rate. A second case is the determination of the optimal kernel function and its parameterization (e.g., the KernelParam-Nu pair for the RBF kernel) with the computationally intensive n-fold cross validation. Here, choosing a bigger Epsilon reduces the computational time without changing the parameters of the optimal kernel that would be obtained when using the default Epsilon. After the optimal KernelParam-Nu pair is obtained, the final training is conducted with a small Epsilon.
The duration of the training depends on the training data, in particular on the number of resulting support vectors (SVs), and Epsilon. It can lie between seconds and several hours. It is therefore recommended to choose the SVM parameter Nu in create_class_svm so that as few SVs as possible are generated without decreasing the recognition rate. Special care must be taken with the parameter Nu in create_class_svm so that the optimization starts from a feasible region. If too many training errors are chosen with a too big Nu, an exception is raised. In this case, an SVM with the same training data, but with smaller Nu must be trained.
With the parameter TrainMode you can choose between different training modes. Normally, you train an SVM without additional information and TrainMode is set to 'default'. If multiple SVMs for the same data set but with different kernels are trained, subsequent training runs can reuse optimization results and thus speedup the overall training time of all runs. For this mode, in TrainMode a SVM handle of a previously trained SVM is passed. Note that the SVM handle passed in SVMHandle and the SVMHandle passed in TrainMode must have the same training data, the same mode and the same number of classes (see create_class_svm). The application for this training mode is the evaluation of different kernel functions given the same training set. In the literature this is referred to as alpha seeding.
With TrainMode = 'add_sv_to_train_set' it is possible to append the support vectors that were generated by a previous call of train_class_svm to the currently saved training set. This mode has two typical application areas: First, it is possible to gradually train a SVM. For this, the complete training set is divided into disjunctive chunks. The first chunk is trained normally using TrainMode = 'default'. Afterwards, the previous training set is removed with clear_samples_class_svm, the next chunk is added with add_sample_class_svm and trained with TrainMode = 'add_sv_to_train_set'. This is repeated until all chunks are trained. This approach has the advantage that even huge training data sets can be trained efficiently with respect to memory consumption. A second application area for this mode is that a general purpose classifier can be specialized by adding characteristic training samples and then retraining it. Please note that the preprocessing (as described in create_class_svm) is not changed when training with TrainMode = 'add_sv_to_train_set'.
SVM handle.
Stop parameter for training.
Default value: 0.001
Suggested values: 0.00001, 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1
Mode of training. For normal operation: 'default'. If SVs already included in the SVM should be used for training: 'add_sv_to_train_set'. For alpha seeding: the respective SVM handle.
Default value: 'default'
List of values: 'default', 'add_sv_to_train_set'
* Train an SVM
create_class_svm (NumFeatures, 'rbf', 0.01, 0.01, NumClasses,\
'one-versus-all', 'normalization', NumFeatures,\
SVMHandle)
read_samples_class_svm (SVMHandle, 'samples.mtf')
train_class_svm (SVMHandle, 0.001, 'default')
write_class_svm (SVMHandle, 'classifier.svm')
clear_class_svm (SVMHandle)
If the parameters are valid the operator train_class_svm returns the value 2 (H_MSG_TRUE). If necessary, an exception is raised.
add_sample_class_svm, read_samples_class_svm
classify_class_svm, write_class_svm, create_class_lut_svm
John Shawe-Taylor, Nello Cristianini: “Kernel Methods for Pattern
Analysis”; Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; 2004.
Bernhard Schölkopf, Alexander J.Smola: “Lerning with Kernels”;
MIT Press, London; 1999.
Foundation
| Table of Contents / Classification / Support Vector Machines | Operators |
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