| Operators |
create_data_code_2d_model — Create a model of a 2D data code class.
create_data_code_2d_model( : : SymbolType, GenParamNames, GenParamValues : DataCodeHandle)
The operator create_data_code_2d_model creates a model for a certain class of 2D data codes. In DataCodeHandle the operator returns a handle to the 2D data code model, which is used for all further operations on the data code, like modifying the model, reading a symbol, or accessing the results of the symbol search.
Supported symbol types
The parameter SymbolType is used to determine the type of data codes to process. Presently, five main types are supported: 'Data Matrix ECC 200', 'QR Code', 'Micro QR Code', 'PDF417', and 'Aztec Code'. Additionally, three GS1 types are supported: 'GS1 DataMatrix', 'GS1 QR Code', and 'GS1 Aztec'. Data matrix codes of type ECC 000-140 are not supported. For the QR Code the older Model 1 as well as the new Model 2 can be read. The PDF417 can be read in its conventional as well as in its compact form ('Compact/Truncated PDF417'). The Aztec code can be read in compact, full-range, and rune (see Annex E of ISO/IEC 24778:2008 (E)) form. The structure of the three GS1 symbologies is basically identical to their non-GS1 counterparts - ECC 200, QR Code, and Aztec Code, respectively. In the following, all parameters, settings, and rules applying to any particular data code type apply to its GS1 variant as well. The GS1 symbologies enforce merely additional rules for the format of the data carried by the codes. It has to be organized in so called GS1 application element strings according to the GS1 General Specifications.
For all symbol types, the data code reader supports the Extended Channel Interpretation (ECI) protocol. If the symbol contains an ECI code, all characters with ASCII code 92 (backslash, '\') that occur in the normal data stream are, in compliance with the standard, doubled ('\\') for the output. This is necessary in order to distinguish data backslashs from the ECI sequence '\nnnnnn'.
The information whether the symbol contains ECI codes (and consequently doubled backslashs) or not is stored in the Symbology Identifier number that can be obtained for every successfully decoded symbol with the help of the operator get_data_code_2d_results passing the generic parameter 'symbology_ident'. How the code number encodes additional information about the symbology and the data code reader, like the ECI support, is defined in the different symbology specifications. For more information see the corresponding standards and the operator get_data_code_2d_results.
The Symbology Indentifier code will not be preceded by the data code reader to the output data, even if the symbol contains an ECI code. If this is needed, e.g., by a subsequent processing unit, the 'symbology_ident' number (obtained by the operator get_data_code_2d_results with the parameter 'symbology_ident') can be added to the data stream manually together with the symbology flag and the symbol code: ']d', ']Q', ']L' or ']z' for DataMatrix codes, QR Codes, PDF417 Codes, or Aztec Codes, respectively. In particular, for GS1 symbologies the parameter 'symbology_ident' returns 2 for GS1 DataMatrix, 3 for GS1 QR Code, and 1 for GS1 Aztec Code. This corresponds to symbol codes: ']d2', ']Q3', and ']z1', respectively.
Standard default settings of the data code model
The default settings of the model were chosen to read a wide range of common symbols within a reasonable amount of time. However, for run-time reasons some restrictions apply to the symbol (see the following table). If the model was modified (as described later), it is at any time possible to reset it to these default settings by passing the generic parameter 'default_parameters' together with the value 'standard_recognition' to the operator set_data_code_2d_param.
Model parameter 'standard_recognition' 'enhanced_recognition' 'maximum_recognition'
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Polarity: dark symbols on a in addition, light dark symbols on a
light background symbols on a dark light background
background and vice versa
Minimum contrast: 30 10 10
Module size:
- ECC 200, QR Code, 6 .. 20 pixels >= 4 pixels >= 4 pixels
Micro QR Code, (for sharp (for sharp
Aztec Code: images >=2) images >=1)
- PDF417:
Width: 3 .. 15 pixels >= 3 pixels >= 3 pixels
(for sharp (for sharp
images >=2) images >=1)
Aspect ratio: 1 .. 4 1.0 .. 10 1.0 .. 10
'small_modules_robustness': 'low' 'low' 'high'
Module shape: no or small gap bigger gaps are bigger gaps are
between adjacent also possible also possible
modules (< 10% of (up to 50% of the (up to 50% of the
the module size) module size) (only module size) (only
for ECC 200, QR Code, ECC 200, QR Code,
Micro QR Code, Micro QR Code,
and Aztec Code) and Aztec Code)
ECC 200: Maximum slant: 10 degrees (0.1745) 30 degrees (0.5235) 30 degrees (0,5235)
ECC 200: Module grid: fixed any (fixed or variable) any (fixed or variable)
ECC 200:
'finder_pattern_tolerance': 'low' 'low' 'any'
ECC 200:
'contrast_tolerance': 'low' 'low' 'any'
Aztec Code:
'finder_pattern_tolerance': 'low' 'high' 'high'
For QR Code: Number of
position detection patterns,
that are necessary for
generating a new candidate 3 2 2
Modify the data code model
If it is known that the symbol does not or may not comply with all of these restrictions (e.g., the symbol is brighter than the background or the contrast is very low), or if first tests show that some of the symbols cannot be read with the default settings, it is possible to adapt single model parameters - while others are kept to the default - or the whole model can be extended in a single step by setting the generic parameter 'default_parameters' to the value 'enhanced_recognition'. This will lead to a more general model that covers a wider range of 2D data code symbols. However, the symbol search with such a general model is more extensive, hence the run-time of the operator find_data_code_2d may increase significantly. This is true especially in the following cases: no readable data code is detected, the symbol is printed light on dark, or the modules are very small.
By setting the generic parameter 'default_parameters' to the value 'maximum_recognition' the model is further extended in comparison to 'enhanced_recognition', so that data codes with very small module sizes can be decoded more robustly (see 'small_modules_robustness'). For the ECC 200, the mode 'maximum_recognition' differs from the mode 'enhanced_recognition' in a way that even symbols with defect or partially occluded finder patterns can be read (see 'finder_pattern_tolerance'). Using this mode may lead to a further increased run-time and memory usage of the operator find_data_code_2d during symbol search and decoding.
For these reasons, the model should always be specified as exactly as possible by setting all known parameters. The model parameters can be set directly during the creation of the model or later with the help of the operator set_data_code_2d_param. Both operators provide the generic parameters GenParamNames and GenParamValues for this purpose. For the ECC 200, for example, the symbol size should be specified as exactly as possible if the mode 'maximum_recognition' was chosen. A detailed description of all supported generic parameters can be found with the operator set_data_code_2d_param.
Another way for adapting the model is to train it based on sample images. Passing the parameter 'train' to the operator find_data_code_2d will cause the find operator to look for a symbol, determine its parameters, and modify the model accordingly. More details can be found with the description of the operator find_data_code_2d.
It is possible to query the model parameters with the operator get_data_code_2d_param. The names of all supported parameters for setting or querying the model are returned by the operator query_data_code_2d_params.
Store the data code model
Furthermore, the operator write_data_code_2d_model allows to write the model into a file that can be used later to create (e.g., in a different application) an identical copy of the model. Such a model copy is created directly by read_data_code_2d_model (without calling create_data_code_2d_model).
Free the data code model
Since memory is allocated during create_data_code_2d_model and the following operations, the model should be freed explicitly by the operator clear_data_code_2d_model if it is no longer used.
Type of the 2D data code.
Default value: 'Data Matrix ECC 200'
List of values: 'Aztec Code', 'Data Matrix ECC 200', 'GS1 Aztec Code', 'GS1 DataMatrix', 'GS1 QR Code', 'Micro QR Code', 'PDF417', 'QR Code'
Names of the generic parameters that can be adjusted for the 2D data code model.
Default value: []
List of values: 'additional_levels', 'contrast_min', 'contrast_tolerance', 'default_parameters', 'finder_pattern_tolerance', 'mirrored', 'model_type', 'module_aspect', 'module_aspect_max', 'module_aspect_min', 'module_gap', 'module_gap_col', 'module_gap_col_max', 'module_gap_col_min', 'module_gap_max', 'module_gap_min', 'module_gap_row', 'module_gap_row_max', 'module_gap_row_min', 'module_grid', 'module_size', 'module_size_max', 'module_size_min', 'module_width', 'module_width_max', 'module_width_min', 'persistence', 'polarity', 'position_pattern_min', 'slant_max', 'small_modules_robustness', 'strict_model', 'strict_quiet_zone', 'symbol_cols', 'symbol_cols_max', 'symbol_cols_min', 'symbol_rows', 'symbol_rows_max', 'symbol_rows_min', 'symbol_shape', 'symbol_size', 'symbol_size_max', 'symbol_size_min', 'timeout', 'version', 'version_max', 'version_min'
Values of the generic parameters that can be adjusted for the 2D data code model.
Default value: []
Suggested values: 'standard_recognition', 'enhanced_recognition', 'maximum_recognition', 'yes', 'no', 'any', 'dark_on_light', 'light_on_dark', 'square', 'rectangle', 'small', 'big', 'fixed', 'variable', 'low', 'high', 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 64, 72, 80, 88, 96, 104, 120, 132, 144
Handle for using and accessing the 2D data code model.
* Two simple examples that show the use of create_data_code_2d_model
* to detect a Data matrix ECC 200 code and a QR Code.
* (1) Create a model for reading simple QR Codes
* (only dark symbols on a light background will be read)
create_data_code_2d_model ('QR Code', [], [], DataCodeHandle)
* Read an image
read_image (Image, 'datacode/qrcode/qr_workpiece_01')
* Read the symbol in the image
find_data_code_2d (Image, SymbolXLDs, DataCodeHandle, [], [], \
ResultHandles, DecodedDataStrings)
* Clear the model
clear_data_code_2d_model (DataCodeHandle)
* (2) Create a model for reading a wide range of Data matrix ECC 200 codes
* (this model will also read light symbols on dark background)
create_data_code_2d_model ('Data Matrix ECC 200', 'default_parameters', \
'enhanced_recognition', DataCodeHandle)
* Read an image
read_image (Image, 'datacode/ecc200/ecc200_cpu_010')
* Read the symbol in the image
find_data_code_2d (Image, SymbolXLDs, DataCodeHandle, [], [], \
ResultHandles, DecodedDataStrings)
* Clear the model
clear_data_code_2d_model (DataCodeHandle)
The operator create_data_code_2d_model returns the value 2 (H_MSG_TRUE) if the given parameters are correct. Otherwise, an exception is raised.
set_data_code_2d_param, find_data_code_2d
clear_data_code_2d_model, clear_all_data_code_2d_models
International Standard ISO/IEC 16022: “Information technology -
Automatic identification and data capture techniques -
Data Matrix bar code symbology specification”;
Reference number ISO/IEC 16022:2006 (E);
ISO/IEC 2006.
International Standard ISO/IEC 15438: “Information technology -
Automatic identification and data capture techniques -
PDF417 bar code symbology specification”;
Reference number ISO/IEC 15438:2006 (E);
ISO/IEC 2006.
International Standard ISO/IEC 18004: “Information technology -
Automatic identification and data capture techniques -
QR Code 2005 bar code symbology specification”;
Reference number ISO/IEC 18004:2006 (E);
ISO/IEC 2006.
International Standard ISO/IEC 24778: “Information technology -
Automatic identification and data capture techniques -
Aztec Code bar code symbology specification”;
Reference number ISO/IEC 24778:2008 (E);
ISO/IEC 2008.
GS1 General Specifications; Version 12; Issue 1, Jan-2012; GS1.
Data Code
| Operators |