median_rectmedian_rectMedianRectMedianRectmedian_rect (Operator)

Name

median_rectmedian_rectMedianRectMedianRectmedian_rect — Compute a median filter with rectangular masks.

Signature

Description

median_rectmedian_rectMedianRectMedianRectmedian_rect performs a median filter on the input image ImageImageImageimageimage with a rectangular mask of size MaskWidthMaskWidthMaskWidthmaskWidthmask_width × MaskHeightMaskHeightMaskHeightmaskHeightmask_height and returns the filtered image in ImageMedianImageMedianImageMedianimageMedianimage_median.

Conceptually, the median filter sorts all gray values within the mask in ascending order and then selects the median of the gray values. The median is the “middle” one of the sorted gray values, i.e., the gray value with rank (position) (MaskWidthMaskWidthMaskWidthmaskWidthmask_width * MaskHeightMaskHeightMaskHeightmaskHeightmask_height - 1) / 2 + 1 of the sorted gray values, where the rank 1 corresponds to the smallest gray value and the rank MaskWidthMaskWidthMaskWidthmaskWidthmask_width * MaskHeightMaskHeightMaskHeightmaskHeightmask_height corresponds to the largest gray value within the mask (see also rank_rectrank_rectRankRectRankRectrank_rect).

median_rectmedian_rectMedianRectMedianRectmedian_rect can be used, for example, to smooth images, to suppress unwanted objects (e.g., point-like or line-like structures) that are smaller than the mask, and can therefore be used to estimate the background illumination for a shading correction or as a preprocessing step for the dynamic threshold operation (see dyn_thresholddyn_thresholdDynThresholdDynThresholddyn_threshold).

When using a 3x3 or 5x5 filter mask, median_rectmedian_rectMedianRectMedianRectmedian_rect can be executed on OpenCL devices.

For an explanation of the concept of smoothing filters see the introduction of chapter Filters / Smoothing.

Attention

If even values instead of odd values are passed in MaskHeightMaskHeightMaskHeightmaskHeightmask_height or MaskWidthMaskWidthMaskWidthmaskWidthmask_width, median_rectmedian_rectMedianRectMedianRectmedian_rect uses the next larger odd values instead.

median_rectmedian_rectMedianRectMedianRectmedian_rect uses an algorithm with constant runtime per pixel, i.e., the runtime only depends on the size of the input image and not on the mask size. Therefore, for large mask sizes median_rectmedian_rectMedianRectMedianRectmedian_rect is the fastest implementation of the median filter in HALCON. Depending on the computer architecture (processor type, availability of SIMD instructions like SSE2 or MMX, cache size and throughput, memory throughput), for small mask sizes the implementation used in median_imagemedian_imageMedianImageMedianImagemedian_image and rank_imagerank_imageRankImageRankImagerank_image is faster than median_rectmedian_rectMedianRectMedianRectmedian_rect. Typically, this is the case for MaskHeightMaskHeightMaskHeightmaskHeightmask_height 15, but can also happen for larger mask sizes, e.g., if SIMD instructions are unavailable and memory throughput is low.

Furthermore, it should be noted that median_rectmedian_rectMedianRectMedianRectmedian_rect uses a recursive implementation, which internally computes the filter response on the smallest enclosing rectangle of the domain of the input image. Therefore, if the domain of the input image only covers a small fraction of the smallest enclosing rectangle, it can happen that median_imagemedian_imageMedianImageMedianImagemedian_image and rank_imagerank_imageRankImageRankImagerank_image are faster than median_rectmedian_rectMedianRectMedianRectmedian_rect even for larger values of MaskHeightMaskHeightMaskHeightmaskHeightmask_height.

Note that filter operators may return unexpected results if an image with a reduced domain is used as input. Please refer to the chapter Filters.

Execution Information

• Supports OpenCL compute devices.
• Multithreading type: reentrant (runs in parallel with non-exclusive operators).
• Multithreading scope: global (may be called from any thread).
• Automatically parallelized on tuple level.
• Automatically parallelized on channel level.
• Automatically parallelized on domain level.

Parameters

Complexity

For each pixel: O(1).

Result

If the parameter values are correct the operator median_rectmedian_rectMedianRectMedianRectmedian_rect returns the value 2 ( H_MSG_TRUE) . The behavior in case of empty input (no input images available) is set via set_system('no_object_result',<Result>)set_system("no_object_result",<Result>)SetSystem("no_object_result",<Result>)SetSystem("no_object_result",<Result>)set_system("no_object_result",<Result>). If necessary, an exception is raised.

Possible Predecessors

read_imageread_imageReadImageReadImageread_image

Possible Successors

thresholdthresholdThresholdThresholdthreshold, dyn_thresholddyn_thresholdDynThresholdDynThresholddyn_threshold, regiongrowingregiongrowingRegiongrowingRegiongrowingregiongrowing

Alternatives

median_imagemedian_imageMedianImageMedianImagemedian_image, rank_rectrank_rectRankRectRankRectrank_rect, rank_imagerank_imageRankImageRankImagerank_image

See also

gray_erosion_rectgray_erosion_rectGrayErosionRectGrayErosionRectgray_erosion_rect, gray_dilation_rectgray_dilation_rectGrayDilationRectGrayDilationRectgray_dilation_rect, gray_erosion_shapegray_erosion_shapeGrayErosionShapeGrayErosionShapegray_erosion_shape, gray_dilation_shapegray_dilation_shapeGrayDilationShapeGrayDilationShapegray_dilation_shape, gray_erosiongray_erosionGrayErosionGrayErosiongray_erosion, gray_dilationgray_dilationGrayDilationGrayDilationgray_dilation

References

S. Perreault, P. Hébert; “Median Filtering in Constant Time”; IEEE Transactions on Image Processing vol. 16, no. 9, pp. 2389-2394, 2007.
D. Cline, K.B. White, P.K. Egbert; “Fast 8-Bit Median Filtering Based On Separability”; International Conference on Image Processing, vol. V, pp. 281-284, 2007.

Module

Foundation